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The lower quartile, median and upper quartile are usually denoted by Q_1, Q_2 and Q_3. To find them you must first arrange the data in order of size.
If n is odd, then Q_2 is the \frac{1}{2}(n+1)th value. If n is even the median is halfway between the \frac{1}{2}nth value and the next.
To find Q_1 find the median of the lower half of the data. To find Q_3, find the median of the upper half of the data.
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This question appears in the following syllabi:

SyllabusModuleSectionTopicExam Year
AQA A-Level (UK - Pre-2017)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
AQA AS Maths 2017StatisticsData Presentation and InterpretationMeasures of Central Tendency-
AQA AS/A2 Maths 2017StatisticsData Presentation and InterpretationMeasures of Central Tendency-
CBSE XI (India)Statistics and ProbabilityStatisticsRange, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of grouped data-
CCEA A-Level (NI)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
CIE A-Level (UK)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
Edexcel A-Level (UK - Pre-2017)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
Edexcel AS Maths 2017StatisticsMeasures of DataMeasures of Central Tendency-
Edexcel AS/A2 Maths 2017StatisticsMeasures of DataMeasures of Central Tendency-
I.B. Standard Level5Summarising dataMeasures of location-
Methods (UK)M14Summarising dataMeasures of location-
I.B. (MSSL)6Summarising dataMeasures of location-
OCR A-Level (UK - Pre-2017)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
OCR AS Maths 2017StatisticsCentral Tendency and VariationMeasures of Central Tendency-
OCR MEI AS Maths 2017StatisticsCentral Tendency and VariationMeasures of Central Tendency-
OCR-MEI A-Level (UK - Pre-2017)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-
Pre-U A-Level (UK)ProbSummarising dataMeasures of location-
Scottish (Highers + Advanced)HSSummarising dataMeasures of location-
Scottish HighersSSummarising dataMeasures of location-
Universal (all site questions)SSummarising dataMeasures of location-
WJEC A-Level (Wales)S1Summarising dataMeasures of location-